Pandas Profiling Report

Dataset statistics

Number of variables	20
Number of observations	3333
Missing cells	0
Missing cells (%)	0.0%
Duplicate rows	0
Duplicate rows (%)	0.0%
Total size in memory	1020.1 KiB
Average record size in memory	313.4 B

Variable types

NUM	15
BOOL	3
CAT	2

Reproduction

Analysis started	2020-02-25 12:37:09.203863
Analysis finished	2020-02-25 12:37:47.740912
Version	pandas-profiling v2.5.0
Command line	`pandas_profiling --config_file config.yaml [YOUR_FILE.csv]`
Download configuration	config.yaml

`State` has a high cardinality: 51 distinct values	High cardinality
`Total day charge` is highly correlated with `Total day minutes`	High Correlation
`Total day minutes` is highly correlated with `Total day charge`	High Correlation
`Total eve charge` is highly correlated with `Total eve minutes`	High Correlation
`Total eve minutes` is highly correlated with `Total eve charge`	High Correlation
`Total night charge` is highly correlated with `Total night minutes`	High Correlation
`Total night minutes` is highly correlated with `Total night charge`	High Correlation
`Total intl charge` is highly correlated with `Total intl minutes`	High Correlation
`Total intl minutes` is highly correlated with `Total intl charge`	High Correlation
`Number vmail messages` has 2411 (72.3%) zeros	Zeros
`Customer service calls` has 697 (20.9%) zeros	Zeros

State
Categorical

HIGH CARDINALITY

Distinct count	51
Unique (%)	1.5%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Memory size	26.2 KiB

WV	106
MN	84
NY	83
AL	80
WI	78
Other values (46)	2902

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
WV	106	3.2%
MN	84	2.5%
NY	83	2.5%
AL	80	2.4%
WI	78	2.3%
OH	78	2.3%
OR	78	2.3%
VA	77	2.3%
WY	77	2.3%
CT	74	2.2%
Other values (41)	2518	75.5%

Length

Max length	2
Mean length	2
Min length	2

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
Uppercase_Letter	24	100.0%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
Latin	24	100.0%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
ASCII	24	100.0%

Account length
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

Distinct count	212
Unique (%)	6.4%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%

Mean	101.06480648064806
Minimum	1
Maximum	243
Zeros	0
Zeros (%)	0.0%
Memory size	26.2 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	1
5-th percentile	35
Q1	74
median	101
Q3	127
95-th percentile	167
Maximum	243
Range	242
Interquartile range (IQR)	53

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	39.82210593
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.3940254508
Kurtosis	-0.1078359806
Mean	101.0648065
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	31.82144029
Skewness	0.09660629423
Sum	336849
Variance	1585.800121

Histogram
Dynamic Histogram

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=10)

Histogram with variable size bins (bins=[ 1. 1.5 12.5 32.5 49.5 ... 149.5 166.5 185.5 211. 243. ], "bayesian blocks" binning strategy used)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
105	43	1.3%
87	42	1.3%
93	40	1.2%
101	40	1.2%
90	39	1.2%
86	38	1.1%
95	38	1.1%
116	37	1.1%
100	37	1.1%
112	36	1.1%
Other values (202)	2943	88.3%

Minimum 5 values
Maximum 5 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
1	8	0.2%
2	1	< 0.1%
3	5	0.2%
4	1	< 0.1%
5	1	< 0.1%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
243	1	< 0.1%
232	1	< 0.1%
225	2	0.1%
224	2	0.1%
221	1	< 0.1%

Area code
Categorical

Distinct count	3
Unique (%)	0.1%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Memory size	26.2 KiB

415	1655
510	840
408	838

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
415	1655	49.7%
510	840	25.2%
408	838	25.1%

Length

Max length	3
Mean length	3
Min length	3

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
Decimal_Number	5	100.0%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
Common	5	100.0%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
ASCII	5	100.0%

International plan
Boolean

Distinct count	2
Unique (%)	0.1%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Memory size	26.2 KiB

No	3010
Yes	323

Frequency Table

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
No	3010	90.3%
Yes	323	9.7%

Voice mail plan
Boolean

Distinct count	2
Unique (%)	0.1%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Memory size	26.2 KiB

No	2411
Yes	922

Frequency Table

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
No	2411	72.3%
Yes	922	27.7%

Number vmail messages
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

ZEROS

Distinct count	46
Unique (%)	1.4%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%

Mean	8.099009900990099
Minimum	0
Maximum	51
Zeros	2411
Zeros (%)	72.3%
Memory size	26.2 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	0
5-th percentile	0
Q1	0
median	0
Q3	20
95-th percentile	36
Maximum	51
Range	51
Interquartile range (IQR)	20

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	13.68836537
Coefficient of variation (CV)	1.690128243
Kurtosis	-0.05112853879
Mean	8.099009901
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	11.71977792
Skewness	1.264823634
Sum	26994
Variance	187.3713466

Histogram
Dynamic Histogram

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=10)

Histogram with variable size bins (bins=[ 0. 2. 11.5 18.5 22.5 33.5 39.5 44.5 51. ], "bayesian blocks" binning strategy used)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	2411	72.3%
31	60	1.8%
29	53	1.6%
28	51	1.5%
33	46	1.4%
27	44	1.3%
30	44	1.3%
24	42	1.3%
26	41	1.2%
32	41	1.2%
Other values (36)	500	15.0%

Minimum 5 values
Maximum 5 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	2411	72.3%
4	1	< 0.1%
8	2	0.1%
9	2	0.1%
10	1	< 0.1%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
51	1	< 0.1%
50	2	0.1%
49	1	< 0.1%
48	2	0.1%
47	3	0.1%

Total day minutes
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

HIGH CORRELATION

Distinct count	1667
Unique (%)	50.0%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%

Mean	179.77509750975094
Minimum	0.0
Maximum	350.8
Zeros	2
Zeros (%)	0.1%
Memory size	26.2 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	0
5-th percentile	89.92
Q1	143.7
median	179.4
Q3	216.4
95-th percentile	270.74
Maximum	350.8
Range	350.8
Interquartile range (IQR)	72.7

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	54.4673892
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.3029751615
Kurtosis	-0.01994037885
Mean	179.7750975
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	43.52345523
Skewness	-0.02907706714
Sum	599190.4
Variance	2966.696487

Histogram
Dynamic Histogram

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=10)

Histogram with variable size bins (bins=[ 0. 46.95 81.45 109.05 141.05 ... 246.55 274.8 295.7 327.3 350.8 ], "bayesian blocks" binning strategy used)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
174.5	8	0.2%
159.5	8	0.2%
154	8	0.2%
175.4	7	0.2%
162.3	7	0.2%
183.4	7	0.2%
198.4	6	0.2%
185	6	0.2%
153.5	6	0.2%
155.2	6	0.2%
Other values (1657)	3264	97.9%

Minimum 5 values
Maximum 5 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	2	0.1%
2.6	1	< 0.1%
7.8	1	< 0.1%
7.9	1	< 0.1%
12.5	1	< 0.1%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
350.8	1	< 0.1%
346.8	1	< 0.1%
345.3	1	< 0.1%
337.4	1	< 0.1%
335.5	1	< 0.1%

Total day calls
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

Distinct count	119
Unique (%)	3.6%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%

Mean	100.43564356435644
Minimum	0
Maximum	165
Zeros	2
Zeros (%)	0.1%
Memory size	26.2 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	0
5-th percentile	67
Q1	87
median	101
Q3	114
95-th percentile	133
Maximum	165
Range	165
Interquartile range (IQR)	27

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	20.06908421
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.1998203376
Kurtosis	0.2431815246
Mean	100.4356436
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	15.94494301
Skewness	-0.111786639
Sum	334752
Variance	402.7681409

Histogram
Dynamic Histogram

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=10)

Histogram with variable size bins (bins=[ 0. 38. 53.5 64.5 76.5 ... 123.5 134.5 141.5 151.5 165. ], "bayesian blocks" binning strategy used)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
102	78	2.3%
105	75	2.3%
107	69	2.1%
95	69	2.1%
104	68	2.0%
108	67	2.0%
97	67	2.0%
110	66	2.0%
106	66	2.0%
88	66	2.0%
Other values (109)	2642	79.3%

Minimum 5 values
Maximum 5 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	2	0.1%
30	1	< 0.1%
35	1	< 0.1%
36	1	< 0.1%
40	2	0.1%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
165	1	< 0.1%
163	1	< 0.1%
160	1	< 0.1%
158	3	0.1%
157	1	< 0.1%

Total day charge
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

HIGH CORRELATION

Distinct count	1667
Unique (%)	50.0%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%

Mean	30.562307230723075
Minimum	0.0
Maximum	59.64
Zeros	2
Zeros (%)	0.1%
Memory size	26.2 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	0
5-th percentile	15.288
Q1	24.43
median	30.5
Q3	36.79
95-th percentile	46.028
Maximum	59.64
Range	59.64
Interquartile range (IQR)	12.36

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	9.259434554
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.3029690947
Kurtosis	-0.01981178724
Mean	30.56230723
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	7.39891389
Skewness	-0.02908326834
Sum	101864.17
Variance	85.73712826

Histogram
Dynamic Histogram

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=10)

Histogram with variable size bins (bins=[ 0. 7.985 13.845 18.54 23.98 ... 41.915 46.715 50.27 55.645 59.64 ], "bayesian blocks" binning strategy used)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
27.12	8	0.2%
26.18	8	0.2%
29.67	8	0.2%
31.18	7	0.2%
27.59	7	0.2%
29.82	7	0.2%
24.19	6	0.2%
28.66	6	0.2%
36.72	6	0.2%
26.1	6	0.2%
Other values (1657)	3264	97.9%

Minimum 5 values
Maximum 5 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	2	0.1%
0.44	1	< 0.1%
1.33	1	< 0.1%
1.34	1	< 0.1%
2.13	1	< 0.1%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
59.64	1	< 0.1%
58.96	1	< 0.1%
58.7	1	< 0.1%
57.36	1	< 0.1%
57.04	1	< 0.1%

Total eve minutes
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

HIGH CORRELATION

Distinct count	1611
Unique (%)	48.3%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%

Mean	200.98034803480348
Minimum	0.0
Maximum	363.7
Zeros	1
Zeros (%)	< 0.1%
Memory size	26.2 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	0
5-th percentile	118.8
Q1	166.6
median	201.4
Q3	235.3
95-th percentile	284.3
Maximum	363.7
Range	363.7
Interquartile range (IQR)	68.7

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	50.71384443
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.2523323545
Kurtosis	0.02562975284
Mean	200.980348
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	40.46924431
Skewness	-0.02387745608
Sum	669867.5
Variance	2571.894016

Histogram
Dynamic Histogram

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=10)

Histogram with variable size bins (bins=[ 0. 57.3 87.2 112.4 128.8 ... 257.6 276.9 294.15 330.2 363.7 ], "bayesian blocks" binning strategy used)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
169.9	9	0.3%
230.9	7	0.2%
209.4	7	0.2%
201	7	0.2%
220.6	7	0.2%
180.5	7	0.2%
161.7	7	0.2%
167.2	7	0.2%
195.5	7	0.2%
194	6	0.2%
Other values (1601)	3262	97.9%

Minimum 5 values
Maximum 5 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	1	< 0.1%
31.2	1	< 0.1%
42.2	1	< 0.1%
42.5	1	< 0.1%
43.9	1	< 0.1%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
363.7	1	< 0.1%
361.8	1	< 0.1%
354.2	1	< 0.1%
351.6	1	< 0.1%
350.9	1	< 0.1%

Total eve calls
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

Distinct count	123
Unique (%)	3.7%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%

Mean	100.11431143114311
Minimum	0
Maximum	170
Zeros	1
Zeros (%)	< 0.1%
Memory size	26.2 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	0
5-th percentile	67
Q1	87
median	100
Q3	114
95-th percentile	133
Maximum	170
Range	170
Interquartile range (IQR)	27

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	19.92262529
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.1989987746
Kurtosis	0.206156468
Mean	100.1143114
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	15.86033185
Skewness	-0.05556313904
Sum	333681
Variance	396.9109986

Histogram
Dynamic Histogram

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=10)

Histogram with variable size bins (bins=[ 0. 42.5 55.5 62.5 73.5 ... 128.5 138.5 144.5 155.5 170. ], "bayesian blocks" binning strategy used)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
105	80	2.4%
94	79	2.4%
108	71	2.1%
97	70	2.1%
102	70	2.1%
88	69	2.1%
101	68	2.0%
109	67	2.0%
98	66	2.0%
111	65	2.0%
Other values (113)	2628	78.8%

Minimum 5 values
Maximum 5 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	1	< 0.1%
12	1	< 0.1%
36	1	< 0.1%
37	1	< 0.1%
42	1	< 0.1%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
170	1	< 0.1%
168	1	< 0.1%
164	1	< 0.1%
159	1	< 0.1%
157	1	< 0.1%

Total eve charge
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

HIGH CORRELATION

Distinct count	1440
Unique (%)	43.2%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%

Mean	17.083540354035403
Minimum	0.0
Maximum	30.91
Zeros	1
Zeros (%)	< 0.1%
Memory size	26.2 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	0
5-th percentile	10.1
Q1	14.16
median	17.12
Q3	20
95-th percentile	24.17
Maximum	30.91
Range	30.91
Interquartile range (IQR)	5.84

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	4.310667643
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.2523287067
Kurtosis	0.02548740481
Mean	17.08354035
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	3.439937441
Skewness	-0.02385798901
Sum	56939.44
Variance	18.58185553

Histogram
Dynamic Histogram

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=10)

Histogram with variable size bins (bins=[ 0. 4.87 7.415 9.59 10.95 ... 21.895 23.54 24.9 28.065 30.91 ], "bayesian blocks" binning strategy used)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
14.25	11	0.3%
16.12	11	0.3%
15.9	10	0.3%
18.62	9	0.3%
14.44	9	0.3%
17.09	9	0.3%
17.99	9	0.3%
18.79	8	0.2%
16.63	8	0.2%
17.43	8	0.2%
Other values (1430)	3241	97.2%

Minimum 5 values
Maximum 5 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	1	< 0.1%
2.65	1	< 0.1%
3.59	1	< 0.1%
3.61	1	< 0.1%
3.73	1	< 0.1%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
30.91	1	< 0.1%
30.75	1	< 0.1%
30.11	1	< 0.1%
29.89	1	< 0.1%
29.83	1	< 0.1%

Total night minutes
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

HIGH CORRELATION

Distinct count	1591
Unique (%)	47.7%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%

Mean	200.87203720372037
Minimum	23.2
Maximum	395.0
Zeros	0
Zeros (%)	0.0%
Memory size	26.2 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	23.2
5-th percentile	118.18
Q1	167
median	201.2
Q3	235.3
95-th percentile	282.84
Maximum	395
Range	371.8
Interquartile range (IQR)	68.3

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	50.57384701
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.2517714646
Kurtosis	0.08581607799
Mean	200.8720372
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	40.41038687
Skewness	0.008921291065
Sum	669506.5
Variance	2557.714002

Histogram
Dynamic Histogram

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=10)

Histogram with variable size bins (bins=[ 23.2 70.85 101.45 126.65 146.35 ... 272.05 290.5 313.75 334.1 395. ], "bayesian blocks" binning strategy used)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
210	8	0.2%
214.6	8	0.2%
197.4	8	0.2%
191.4	8	0.2%
188.2	8	0.2%
231.5	7	0.2%
221.6	7	0.2%
193.6	7	0.2%
214.7	7	0.2%
194.3	7	0.2%
Other values (1581)	3258	97.7%

Minimum 5 values
Maximum 5 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
23.2	1	< 0.1%
43.7	1	< 0.1%
45	1	< 0.1%
47.4	1	< 0.1%
50.1	2	0.1%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
395	1	< 0.1%
381.9	1	< 0.1%
377.5	1	< 0.1%
367.7	1	< 0.1%
364.9	1	< 0.1%

Total night calls
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

Distinct count	120
Unique (%)	3.6%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%

Mean	100.10771077107711
Minimum	33
Maximum	175
Zeros	0
Zeros (%)	0.0%
Memory size	26.2 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	33
5-th percentile	68
Q1	87
median	100
Q3	113
95-th percentile	132
Maximum	175
Range	142
Interquartile range (IQR)	26

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	19.56860935
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.1954755452
Kurtosis	-0.07201957894
Mean	100.1077108
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	15.69034149
Skewness	0.03249957015
Sum	333659
Variance	382.9304717

Histogram
Dynamic Histogram

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=10)

Histogram with variable size bins (bins=[ 33. 52.5 59.5 70.5 81.5 ... 125.5 131.5 140.5 157.5 175. ], "bayesian blocks" binning strategy used)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
105	84	2.5%
104	78	2.3%
91	76	2.3%
102	72	2.2%
100	69	2.1%
106	69	2.1%
98	67	2.0%
94	66	2.0%
103	65	2.0%
108	64	1.9%
Other values (110)	2623	78.7%

Minimum 5 values
Maximum 5 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
33	1	< 0.1%
36	1	< 0.1%
38	1	< 0.1%
42	2	0.1%
44	1	< 0.1%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
175	1	< 0.1%
166	1	< 0.1%
164	1	< 0.1%
158	1	< 0.1%
157	2	0.1%

Total night charge
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

HIGH CORRELATION

Distinct count	933
Unique (%)	28.0%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%

Mean	9.03932493249325
Minimum	1.04
Maximum	17.77
Zeros	0
Zeros (%)	0.0%
Memory size	26.2 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	1.04
5-th percentile	5.316
Q1	7.52
median	9.05
Q3	10.59
95-th percentile	12.73
Maximum	17.77
Range	16.73
Interquartile range (IQR)	3.07

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	2.275872838
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.2517746463
Kurtosis	0.08566317984
Mean	9.039324932
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	1.818554703
Skewness	0.008886236769
Sum	30128.07
Variance	5.179597173

Histogram
Dynamic Histogram

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=10)

Histogram with variable size bins (bins=[ 1.04 3.19 4.565 5.705 6.585 ... 12.155 13.075 14.115 15.035 17.77 ], "bayesian blocks" binning strategy used)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
9.66	15	0.5%
9.45	15	0.5%
8.88	14	0.4%
8.47	14	0.4%
7.69	13	0.4%
8.64	12	0.4%
9.14	11	0.3%
10.35	11	0.3%
10.8	11	0.3%
9.32	11	0.3%
Other values (923)	3206	96.2%

Minimum 5 values
Maximum 5 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
1.04	1	< 0.1%
1.97	1	< 0.1%
2.03	1	< 0.1%
2.13	1	< 0.1%
2.25	2	0.1%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
17.77	1	< 0.1%
17.19	1	< 0.1%
16.99	1	< 0.1%
16.55	1	< 0.1%
16.42	1	< 0.1%

Total intl minutes
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

HIGH CORRELATION

Distinct count	162
Unique (%)	4.9%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%

Mean	10.237293729372938
Minimum	0.0
Maximum	20.0
Zeros	18
Zeros (%)	0.5%
Memory size	26.2 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	0
5-th percentile	5.7
Q1	8.5
median	10.3
Q3	12.1
95-th percentile	14.7
Maximum	20
Range	20
Interquartile range (IQR)	3.6

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	2.791839548
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.2727126546
Kurtosis	0.6091847602
Mean	10.23729373
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	2.184712135
Skewness	-0.2451359395
Sum	34120.9
Variance	7.794368064

Histogram
Dynamic Histogram

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=10)

Histogram with variable size bins (bins=[ 0. 0.55 3.45 4.85 5.75 ... 14.75 15.65 17.05 18.35 20. ], "bayesian blocks" binning strategy used)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
10	62	1.9%
11.3	59	1.8%
9.8	56	1.7%
10.9	56	1.7%
10.1	53	1.6%
10.2	53	1.6%
10.6	53	1.6%
11.1	52	1.6%
11	52	1.6%
9.7	51	1.5%
Other values (152)	2786	83.6%

Minimum 5 values
Maximum 5 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	18	0.5%
1.1	1	< 0.1%
1.3	1	< 0.1%
2	2	0.1%
2.1	2	0.1%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
20	1	< 0.1%
18.9	1	< 0.1%
18.4	1	< 0.1%
18.3	1	< 0.1%
18.2	2	0.1%

Total intl calls
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

Distinct count	21
Unique (%)	0.6%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%

Mean	4.4794479447944795
Minimum	0
Maximum	20
Zeros	18
Zeros (%)	0.5%
Memory size	26.2 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	0
5-th percentile	1
Q1	3
median	4
Q3	6
95-th percentile	9
Maximum	20
Range	20
Interquartile range (IQR)	3

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	2.461214271
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.5494458917
Kurtosis	3.083588982
Mean	4.479447945
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	1.88109288
Skewness	1.321478166
Sum	14930
Variance	6.057575686

Histogram
Dynamic Histogram

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=10)

Histogram with variable size bins (bins=[ 0. 0.5 1.5 2.5 4.5 ... 7.5 9.5 11.5 15.5 20. ], "bayesian blocks" binning strategy used)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
3	668	20.0%
4	619	18.6%
2	489	14.7%
5	472	14.2%
6	336	10.1%
7	218	6.5%
1	160	4.8%
8	116	3.5%
9	109	3.3%
10	50	1.5%
Other values (11)	96	2.9%

Minimum 5 values
Maximum 5 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	18	0.5%
1	160	4.8%
2	489	14.7%
3	668	20.0%
4	619	18.6%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
20	1	< 0.1%
19	1	< 0.1%
18	3	0.1%
17	1	< 0.1%
16	2	0.1%

Total intl charge
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

HIGH CORRELATION

Distinct count	162
Unique (%)	4.9%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%

Mean	2.7645814581458144
Minimum	0.0
Maximum	5.4
Zeros	18
Zeros (%)	0.5%
Memory size	26.2 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	0
5-th percentile	1.54
Q1	2.3
median	2.78
Q3	3.27
95-th percentile	3.97
Maximum	5.4
Range	5.4
Interquartile range (IQR)	0.97

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	0.7537726127
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.2726534284
Kurtosis	0.6096104298
Mean	2.764581458
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	0.589880385
Skewness	-0.2452865083
Sum	9214.35
Variance	0.5681731516

Histogram
Dynamic Histogram

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=10)

Histogram with variable size bins (bins=[0. 0.15 0.935 1.31 1.555 ... 4.01 4.225 4.605 4.955 5.4 ], "bayesian blocks" binning strategy used)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
2.7	62	1.9%
3.05	59	1.8%
2.65	56	1.7%
2.94	56	1.7%
2.73	53	1.6%
2.86	53	1.6%
2.75	53	1.6%
3	52	1.6%
2.97	52	1.6%
2.62	51	1.5%
Other values (152)	2786	83.6%

Minimum 5 values
Maximum 5 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	18	0.5%
0.3	1	< 0.1%
0.35	1	< 0.1%
0.54	2	0.1%
0.57	2	0.1%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
5.4	1	< 0.1%
5.1	1	< 0.1%
4.97	1	< 0.1%
4.94	1	< 0.1%
4.91	2	0.1%

Customer service calls
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

ZEROS

Distinct count	10
Unique (%)	0.3%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%

Mean	1.5628562856285628
Minimum	0
Maximum	9
Zeros	697
Zeros (%)	20.9%
Memory size	26.2 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	0
5-th percentile	0
Q1	1
median	1
Q3	2
95-th percentile	4
Maximum	9
Range	9
Interquartile range (IQR)	1

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	1.315491045
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.8417223368
Kurtosis	1.730913655
Mean	1.562856286
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	1.052531716
Skewness	1.091359482
Sum	5209
Variance	1.730516689

Histogram
Dynamic Histogram

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=10)

Histogram with variable size bins (bins=[0. 0.5 1.5 2.5 3.5 4.5 5.5 6.5 9. ], "bayesian blocks" binning strategy used)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
1	1181	35.4%
2	759	22.8%
0	697	20.9%
3	429	12.9%
4	166	5.0%
5	66	2.0%
6	22	0.7%
7	9	0.3%
9	2	0.1%
8	2	0.1%

Minimum 5 values
Maximum 5 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	697	20.9%
1	1181	35.4%
2	759	22.8%
3	429	12.9%
4	166	5.0%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
9	2	0.1%
8	2	0.1%
7	9	0.3%
6	22	0.7%
5	66	2.0%

Churn
Boolean

Distinct count	2
Unique (%)	0.1%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Memory size	26.2 KiB

0	2850
1	483

Frequency Table

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	2850	85.5%
1	483	14.5%

Pearson's r

The Pearson's correlation coefficient (r) is a measure of linear correlation between two variables. It's value lies between -1 and +1, -1 indicating total negative linear correlation, 0 indicating no linear correlation and 1 indicating total positive linear correlation. Furthermore, r is invariant under separate changes in location and scale of the two variables, implying that for a linear function the angle to the x-axis does not affect r.

To calculate r for two variables X and Y, one divides the covariance of X and Y by the product of their standard deviations.

Spearman's ρ

The Spearman's rank correlation coefficient (ρ) is a measure of monotonic correlation between two variables, and is therefore better in catching nonlinear monotonic correlations than Pearson's r. It's value lies between -1 and +1, -1 indicating total negative monotonic correlation, 0 indicating no monotonic correlation and 1 indicating total positive monotonic correlation.

To calculate ρ for two variables X and Y, one divides the covariance of the rank variables of X and Y by the product of their standard deviations.

Kendall's τ

Similarly to Spearman's rank correlation coefficient, the Kendall rank correlation coefficient (τ) measures ordinal association between two variables. It's value lies between -1 and +1, -1 indicating total negative correlation, 0 indicating no correlation and 1 indicating total positive correlation.

To calculate τ for two variables X and Y, one determines the number of concordant and discordant pairs of observations. τ is given by the number of concordant pairs minus the discordant pairs divided by the total number of pairs.

Count
Matrix

First rows

	State	Account length	Area code	International plan	Voice mail plan	Number vmail messages	Total day minutes	Total day calls	Total day charge	Total eve minutes	Total eve calls	Total eve charge	Total night minutes	Total night calls	Total night charge	Total intl minutes	Total intl calls	Total intl charge	Customer service calls
0	KS	128	415	No	Yes	25	265.1	110	45.07	197.4	99	16.78	244.7	91	11.01	10.0	3	2.70	1
1	OH	107	415	No	Yes	26	161.6	123	27.47	195.5	103	16.62	254.4	103	11.45	13.7	3	3.70	1
2	NJ	137	415	No	No	0	243.4	114	41.38	121.2	110	10.30	162.6	104	7.32	12.2	5	3.29	0
3	OH	84	408	Yes	No	0	299.4	71	50.90	61.9	88	5.26	196.9	89	8.86	6.6	7	1.78	2
4	OK	75	415	Yes	No	0	166.7	113	28.34	148.3	122	12.61	186.9	121	8.41	10.1	3	2.73	3
5	AL	118	510	Yes	No	0	223.4	98	37.98	220.6	101	18.75	203.9	118	9.18	6.3	6	1.70	0
6	MA	121	510	No	Yes	24	218.2	88	37.09	348.5	108	29.62	212.6	118	9.57	7.5	7	2.03	3
7	MO	147	415	Yes	No	0	157.0	79	26.69	103.1	94	8.76	211.8	96	9.53	7.1	6	1.92	0
8	LA	117	408	No	No	0	184.5	97	31.37	351.6	80	29.89	215.8	90	9.71	8.7	4	2.35	1
9	WV	141	415	Yes	Yes	37	258.6	84	43.96	222.0	111	18.87	326.4	97	14.69	11.2	5	3.02	0

Last rows

	State	Account length	Area code	International plan	Voice mail plan	Number vmail messages	Total day minutes	Total day calls	Total day charge	Total eve minutes	Total eve calls	Total eve charge	Total night minutes	Total night calls	Total night charge	Total intl minutes	Total intl calls	Total intl charge	Customer service calls	Churn
3323	IN	117	415	No	No	0	118.4	126	20.13	249.3	97	21.19	227.0	56	10.22	13.6	3	3.67	5	1
3324	WV	159	415	No	No	0	169.8	114	28.87	197.7	105	16.80	193.7	82	8.72	11.6	4	3.13	1	0
3325	OH	78	408	No	No	0	193.4	99	32.88	116.9	88	9.94	243.3	109	10.95	9.3	4	2.51	2	0
3326	OH	96	415	No	No	0	106.6	128	18.12	284.8	87	24.21	178.9	92	8.05	14.9	7	4.02	1	0
3327	SC	79	415	No	No	0	134.7	98	22.90	189.7	68	16.12	221.4	128	9.96	11.8	5	3.19	2	0
3328	AZ	192	415	No	Yes	36	156.2	77	26.55	215.5	126	18.32	279.1	83	12.56	9.9	6	2.67	2	0
3329	WV	68	415	No	No	0	231.1	57	39.29	153.4	55	13.04	191.3	123	8.61	9.6	4	2.59	3	0
3330	RI	28	510	No	No	0	180.8	109	30.74	288.8	58	24.55	191.9	91	8.64	14.1	6	3.81	2	0
3331	CT	184	510	Yes	No	0	213.8	105	36.35	159.6	84	13.57	139.2	137	6.26	5.0	10	1.35	2	0
3332	TN	74	415	No	Yes	25	234.4	113	39.85	265.9	82	22.60	241.4	77	10.86	13.7	4	3.70	0	0

Overview

Variables

Interactions

Correlations

Pearson's r

Spearman's ρ

Kendall's τ

Missing values

Sample

First rows

Last rows